\u00c7at\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m, toplumsal d\u00fczeni ve sosyal kurumlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klarken merkezine g\u00fc\u00e7, \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve e\u015fitsizlikleri al\u0131r. Bu perspektife g\u00f6re toplum, uyum ve denge \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olmaktan ziyade, farkl\u0131 gruplar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n toplumsal de\u011fi\u015fimin temel dinami\u011fini olu\u015fturdu\u011fu bir arenad\u0131r. Yani toplumsal d\u00fczen, g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc bir uzla\u015fman\u0131n de\u011fil, bask\u0131n gruplar\u0131n di\u011ferleri \u00fczerinde kurdu\u011fu hegemonyan\u0131n bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Karl Marx<\/strong> bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n en \u00f6nemli kuramsal \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fcd\u00fcr. Marx\u2019a g\u00f6re toplumsal yap\u0131, \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fclkiyetine dayal\u0131 olarak bi\u00e7imlenen s\u0131n\u0131f ili\u015fkileri \u00fczerinden a\u00e7\u0131klanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Burjuvazi (\u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131na sahip olan s\u0131n\u0131f) ile proletarya (eme\u011fini satan s\u0131n\u0131f) aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131f m\u00fccadelesi, toplumlar\u0131n tarihsel geli\u015fiminde belirleyici fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Marx\u2019\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Max Weber<\/strong> ve Georg Simmel<\/strong> de \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n toplum i\u00e7in kurucu bir \u00f6\u011fe oldu\u011funu vurgulam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Weber, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 yaln\u0131zca ekonomik s\u0131n\u0131fla s\u0131n\u0131rlamaz; stat\u00fc ve iktidar farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n da toplumsal gerilimlere yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir. Simmel ise \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 toplumsal ili\u015fkilerin \u201cdo\u011fal\u201d bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcr ve \u00e7at\u0131\u015fman\u0131n toplumun b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tehdit etmekten ziyade, yeni ba\u011flar ve d\u00fczenlemeler \u00fcretti\u011fini savunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m, toplumsal uyum ve i\u015fbirli\u011fi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini yeterince a\u00e7\u0131klamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle ele\u015ftirilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, i\u015flevselci yakla\u015f\u0131m toplumun ortak de\u011ferler \u00fczerinden uyum sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgularken, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 bak\u0131\u015f daha \u00e7ok bask\u0131 ve zor ili\u015fkilerine odaklan\u0131r. Bu durum, toplumsal d\u00fczenin yaln\u0131zca zor yoluyla s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi indirgemeci yorumlara yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ve son olarak \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m, toplumsal hayat\u0131n yaln\u0131zca uyum ve denge \u00fczerinden anla\u015f\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131; e\u015fitsizlik, iktidar ve \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrer. Bug\u00fcn sosyolojide feminist teori, ele\u015ftirel \u0131rk kuram\u0131, postkolonyal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar gibi bir\u00e7ok alt alan, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n temel varsay\u0131mlar\u0131ndan beslenmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m, toplumsal d\u00fczeni ve sosyal kurumlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klarken merkezine g\u00fc\u00e7, \u00e7\u0131kar \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve e\u015fitsizlikleri al\u0131r. Bu perspektife g\u00f6re toplum, uyum ve denge \u00fczerine in\u015fa edilmi\u015f … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":383,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-382","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sosyoloji","category-sosyoloji-tarihi"],"aioseo_notices":[],"views":30,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sosyologmerve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/382","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sosyologmerve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sosyologmerve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sosyologmerve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sosyologmerve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=382"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sosyologmerve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/382\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":385,"href":"https:\/\/sosyologmerve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/382\/revisions\/385"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sosyologmerve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/383"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sosyologmerve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=382"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sosyologmerve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=382"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sosyologmerve.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=382"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\u00c7at\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n Temel Varsay\u0131mlar\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u00c7at\u0131\u015fmac\u0131 Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n Uygulama Alanlar\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n